Arm

A hard fault on an ARM Cortex processor is an unrecoverable error that causes the processor to enter an exception state and halt normal program execution. Hard faults indicate serious problems like hardware failures, memory faults, or invalid instruction execution that cannot be handled gracefully by the system. Identifying the root cause of a hard…

An arm usage fault is an exception that occurs when the ARM processor attempts to execute an instruction in a way that is not permitted by the architecture. This usually indicates a bug or error in the software code running on the processor. Some common causes of arm usage faults include: The ARM architecture provides…

The SysTick timer is a key component in ARM Cortex-M cores that enables simple timekeeping and basic task scheduling in embedded systems. It provides a simple countdown timer and interrupt generation to support periodic task execution. The SysTick timer is intended for use as a periodic scheduler for a small real-time operating system or superloop…

ARM processors provide several different timer modes that allow developers to configure timers for different use cases. The timer mode determines how the timer counts, triggers interrupts, and more. The main timer modes in ARM are: Free-Running Mode In free-running mode, the timer continuously counts up or down from an initial value at a fixed…

The EK TM4C123GXL is a low-cost evaluation board based on the TM4C123GH6PM microcontroller from Texas Instruments (TI). The TM4C123GXL is part of TI’s Tiva C Series line of ARM Cortex-M4-based microcontrollers. The TM4C123GH6PM microcontroller at the core of the EK TM4C123GXL board features an 80 MHz 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4F processor with floating point unit, 256KB…

The TM4C123G launchpad is a low-cost evaluation board based on the ARM Cortex-M4F processor. It allows users to develop and debug applications for the TM4C123GH6PM microcontroller. Some of the key features of the TM4C123G launchpad are: TM4C123GH6PM Microcontroller The launchpad features the TM4C123GH6PM microcontroller which has the following specifications: The TM4C123G microcontroller provides a robust…

The TM4C123 is a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 based microcontroller from Texas Instruments. It is part of the Tiva C Series TM4C12x family of microcontrollers designed for embedded applications requiring high performance and low power consumption. Overview of the TM4C123 The TM4C123 features an 80 MHz 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 CPU with floating point unit, 256KB of…

The Thumb instruction set is a compressed variant of the ARM instruction set that was introduced in ARMv4T architectures. It is designed to reduce code size by using 16-bit instructions instead of 32-bit instructions. Thumb code is typically 30-40% smaller than equivalent ARM code, which helps reduce memory requirements and improve performance in embedded systems….

The TrustZone is a security extension in the Arm Cortex series of processors that provides hardware-level isolation between secure and non-secure environments on the same system-on-a-chip (SoC). It creates a secure world for trusted code and data isolated from the non-secure world used by the main operating system and applications. Overview of the TrustZone The…

The SVC (Supervisor Call) instruction in ARM Cortex processors is used to make a request to the operating system or hypervisor for a service. It causes an exception to occur, which switches the processor from unprivileged mode to privileged mode so that the privileged operating system code can handle the request. How SVC Works On…